过劳死一词最早源于日本,指劳动过程中由于沉重的身体、心理负荷导致疲劳的不断累积,造成原有的高血压或心脑血管等疾柴化,出现急性循环器官障碍并最终导致死亡。近些年来,过劳死报道屡屡见诸报端。 2015年3月,深圳36岁的IT男张斌,被发现猝死在酒店马桶上,凌晨1点,他还发了最后一封工作邮件。据悉,为赶项目,他常常加班到早上五六点,又接着上班。去世前一天,他跟妈妈说太累了。 2016年6月29日,天涯社区副主编金波,在北京地铁站台上突发脑溢血不幸去世。同事们都说他这几年工作太拼,长期加班熬夜,表面看似强壮,实际已积劳成疾。 有资料显示,巨大的工作压力导致我国每年过劳死的人数达60万人,已超越日本成为过劳死第一大国。然而,由于我国现有法律没有对疾并作与工作之间关联性的明确规定,导致过劳死维权处于无法律保护的尴尬境地。律师在代理此类案件、法院在审理此类案件过程中,同样面临着诸多难题。近日,法制日报记者对此进行调查采访。 男子连续工作11个小时猝死 单位被判承担20%赔偿责任 王某系江苏省某演艺集团员工,2003年王某进入该演艺集团从事乐器演奏工作。2015年7月的一天下午14时左右,王某根据演艺集团安排前往常州演出,当日23时30分回到单位,并将演奏器具搬回宿舍。3天后,王某被单位同事发现死在宿舍,后公安机关认定为心源性猝死。 一时间白发人送黑发人。王某的父母认为,虽然演艺集团作为用人单位安排员工工作是正常经营管理需要,但是在本案中,王某的工作强度显然非常大,且演艺集团在明知工作强度大、可能会给员工造成身体伤害的情况下,没有及时安排员工休息,没有给员工进行体检,最终导致他们的儿子因劳累等原因猝死,演艺集团应依法承担侵权责任。 王某父母遂将演艺集团诉至法院,请求判令演艺集团赔偿死亡赔偿金、精神损害抚慰金、交通费、住宿费等损失。被告演艺集团辩称,原告的起诉缺乏事实与法律依据,请求法院驳回原告诉讼请求。 南京市秦淮区人民法院在审理中认为,王某去世前最后一次演出工作时间长达10余小时,虽然本案现有证据无法得出被告安排超时工作与王某猝死存在必然直接因果关系的结论,但根据王某演出完回到宿舍睡觉后猝死这一过程的紧密度,并结合日常经验法则,该因果关系亦同样无法排除。 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